Horticultural Planning Records Est. data · NOAA 1991–2020 · USDA 2023

Vegetable · Asteraceae

How to Grow Butterhead Lettuce

Cool season Half-hardy Partial sun
Days to maturity 50–65
Spacing 8"
Plants / sq ft 1.5
Season Cool

Planting Butterhead Lettuce

Butterhead Lettuce is a cool season vegetable in the Asteraceae family. Getting the timing right is the difference between a strong stand and a disappointing one, so the windows below are given relative to your own last spring frost and first fall frost rather than a generic calendar date. Look up your local frost dates and count back or forward from there.

Butterhead Lettuce is started indoors 4–6 weeks before your last spring frost date, giving seedlings a head start before they move outside.

Transplant young plants outdoors 1–3 weeks before your last frost — Butterhead Lettuce tolerates cool conditions and benefits from an early start.

You can sow Butterhead Lettuce directly into the garden 2–4 weeks before your last frost.

For a fall crop, sow 8–10 weeks before your first fall frost so plants mature as the weather cools.

Butterhead Lettuce can be grown by direct sowing, starting indoors, and transplanting. Starting indoors gives the longest, most controlled season, while direct sowing is simplest where the season is long enough.

Spacing and Planting Depth

Give Butterhead Lettuce room to mature. The figures below come from verified extension and seed-supplier data for typical varieties.

Spacing in row8 inches
Row spacing12 inches
Plants per sq ft1.5
Planting depth0.125 inches
Sun requirementPartial sun

Days to Maturity

Butterhead Lettuce reaches maturity in 50–65 days from transplant. Once ready, plants continue producing for approximately 14 days.

For a continuous harvest, sow a new batch every 14 days. Use the succession planting scheduler →

Butterhead Lettuce is ready to harvest after about 58 days. Picking regularly over the roughly 14-day harvest window keeps plants productive and encourages a longer pick. Harvest before summer heat or, for fall crops, before a hard freeze, to keep quality high.

Conditions and Care

As a cool-season vegetable, Butterhead Lettuce does its best growing in the cooler weather of spring and fall and tends to bolt or turn bitter in summer heat. It is half-hardy — it withstands light frost but should be protected from a hard freeze.

Butterhead Lettuce grows well in partial sun and tolerates some afternoon shade, which can help slow bolting in warm weather. Sow seed about 0.125 inches deep — small seed is sown shallow and barely covered, then keep the soil evenly moist until seedlings establish.

Butterhead Lettuce belongs to the Asteraceae family; rotating where you grow members of this family each year helps limit the build-up of soil-borne pests and disease. Because it matures relatively quickly, Butterhead Lettuce rewards succession sowing: small, repeated plantings keep a steady supply coming rather than one short glut.

Companion Plants

Pairing Butterhead Lettuce with the right neighbors can improve growth and deter pests; a few combinations are best avoided.

Grows well with: Carrots, Radish, Strawberry

Keep away from: Celery

Growing Notes

Bibb / Boston types.

Plan your Butterhead Lettuce schedule
Data sources
  • Johnny's Selected Seeds