Planting Cucumber
Cucumber is a warm season vegetable in the Cucurbitaceae family. Getting the timing right is the difference between a strong stand and a disappointing one, so the windows below are given relative to your own last spring frost and first fall frost rather than a generic calendar date. Look up your local frost dates and count back or forward from there.
Cucumber is started indoors 2–3 weeks before your last spring frost date, giving seedlings a head start before they move outside.
Transplant young plants outdoors 1–2 weeks after your last frost, once the danger of frost has passed.
Sow Cucumber directly into the garden 1–2 weeks after your last frost, once the soil has warmed.
Cucumber can be grown by starting indoors, direct sowing, and transplanting. Starting indoors gives the longest, most controlled season, while direct sowing is simplest where the season is long enough.
Spacing and Planting Depth
Give Cucumber room to mature. The figures below come from verified extension and seed-supplier data for typical varieties.
| Spacing in row | 12 inches |
|---|---|
| Row spacing | 48 inches |
| Plants per sq ft | 0.25 |
| Planting depth | 0.5 inches |
| Sun requirement | Full sun |
Days to Maturity
Cucumber reaches maturity in 50–70 days from transplant. Once ready, plants continue producing for approximately 30 days.
For a continuous harvest, sow a new batch every 21 days. Use the succession planting scheduler →
Cucumber is ready to harvest after about 60 days. Picking regularly over the roughly 30-day harvest window keeps plants productive and encourages a longer pick. Harvest before the first fall frost, which will end the plant's productive season.
Conditions and Care
As a warm-season vegetable, Cucumber needs warm soil and settled weather to thrive, and is set back or killed by frost. It is frost tender, so wait until all danger of frost has passed before planting out and harvest before the first fall frost.
Cucumber needs full sun — give it at least six hours of direct light a day for the best growth and flavor. Sow seed about 0.5 inches deep, then keep the soil evenly moist until seedlings establish.
Cucumber belongs to the Cucurbitaceae family; rotating where you grow members of this family each year helps limit the build-up of soil-borne pests and disease. Because it matures relatively quickly, Cucumber rewards succession sowing: small, repeated plantings keep a steady supply coming rather than one short glut.
Companion Plants
Pairing Cucumber with the right neighbors can improve growth and deter pests; a few combinations are best avoided.
Grows well with: Shelling Peas, Radish, Sunflower, Corn
Keep away from: Potato