Horticultural Planning Records Est. data · NOAA 1991–2020 · USDA 2023

Vegetable · Solanaceae

How to Grow Potato

Cool season Half-hardy Full sun
Days to maturity 70–120
Spacing 12"
Plants / sq ft 0.33
Season Cool

Planting Potato

Potato is a cool season vegetable in the Solanaceae family. Getting the timing right is the difference between a strong stand and a disappointing one, so the windows below are given relative to your own last spring frost and first fall frost rather than a generic calendar date. Look up your local frost dates and count back or forward from there.

You can sow Potato directly into the garden 0–2 weeks before your last frost.

Spacing and Planting Depth

Give Potato room to mature. The figures below come from verified extension and seed-supplier data for typical varieties.

Spacing in row12 inches
Row spacing36 inches
Plants per sq ft0.33
Planting depth4 inches
Sun requirementFull sun

Days to Maturity

Potato reaches maturity in 70–120 days from sowing.

Potato is ready to harvest after about 95 days. Harvest before summer heat or, for fall crops, before a hard freeze, to keep quality high.

Conditions and Care

As a cool-season vegetable, Potato does its best growing in the cooler weather of spring and fall and tends to bolt or turn bitter in summer heat. It is half-hardy — it withstands light frost but should be protected from a hard freeze.

Potato needs full sun — give it at least six hours of direct light a day for the best growth and flavor. Sow seed about 4 inches deep, then keep the soil evenly moist until seedlings establish.

Potato belongs to the Solanaceae family; rotating where you grow members of this family each year helps limit the build-up of soil-borne pests and disease. Potato is generally grown as a single planting each season rather than succession sown.

Companion Plants

Pairing Potato with the right neighbors can improve growth and deter pests; a few combinations are best avoided.

Grows well with: Bush Beans (Snap), Corn, Marigold (French)

Keep away from: Tomato, Cucumber, Sunflower

Growing Notes

Planted from seed potato tubers.

Plan your Potato schedule

Potato is typically grown as a single planting per season rather than succession sown. Plan your full garden →

Data sources
  • Johnny's Selected Seeds
  • UMN Extension