Horticultural Planning Records Est. data · NOAA 1991–2020 · USDA 2023

Vegetable · Amaryllidaceae

How to Grow Leek

Cool season Frost hardy Full sun
Days to maturity 100–130
Spacing 6"
Plants / sq ft 2
Season Cool

Planting Leek

Leek is a cool season vegetable in the Amaryllidaceae family. Getting the timing right is the difference between a strong stand and a disappointing one, so the windows below are given relative to your own last spring frost and first fall frost rather than a generic calendar date. Look up your local frost dates and count back or forward from there.

Leek is started indoors 8–10 weeks before your last spring frost date, giving seedlings a head start before they move outside.

Transplant young plants outdoors 1–3 weeks before your last frost — Leek tolerates cool conditions and benefits from an early start.

Leek can be grown by starting indoors and transplanting. Starting indoors gives the longest, most controlled season, while direct sowing is simplest where the season is long enough.

Spacing and Planting Depth

Give Leek room to mature. The figures below come from verified extension and seed-supplier data for typical varieties.

Spacing in row6 inches
Row spacing12 inches
Plants per sq ft2
Planting depth0.5 inches
Sun requirementFull sun

Days to Maturity

Leek reaches maturity in 100–130 days from transplant.

Leek is ready to harvest after about 115 days. Harvest before summer heat or, for fall crops, before a hard freeze, to keep quality high.

Conditions and Care

As a cool-season vegetable, Leek does its best growing in the cooler weather of spring and fall and tends to bolt or turn bitter in summer heat. It is frost hardy and can shrug off light freezes, so it can stay in the ground later into the season than tender crops.

Leek needs full sun — give it at least six hours of direct light a day for the best growth and flavor. Sow seed about 0.5 inches deep, then keep the soil evenly moist until seedlings establish.

Leek belongs to the Amaryllidaceae family; rotating where you grow members of this family each year helps limit the build-up of soil-borne pests and disease. Leek is generally grown as a single planting each season rather than succession sown.

Companion Plants

Pairing Leek with the right neighbors can improve growth and deter pests; a few combinations are best avoided.

Grows well with: Carrots, Celery

Keep away from: Shelling Peas, Green Beans (Bush)

Plan your Leek schedule

Leek is typically grown as a single planting per season rather than succession sown. Plan your full garden →

Data sources
  • Johnny's Selected Seeds
  • Cornell Extension